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Hanna Schygulla (born 25 December 1943) is a German actress and chanson singer. Long associated with the theater and film director Rainer Werner Fassbinder, for whom Schygulla first worked in 1965, she is generally considered the most prominent German actress of the New German Cinema. ==Life and career== Schygulla was born in Königshütte (present day Chorzów in Poland) to German parents Antonie (née Mzyk) and Joseph Schygulla.〔 Her father, a timber merchant by profession, was then drafted as an infantryman in the German Army and was captured by American forces in Italy, subsequently being held as a prisoner of war until 1948. In 1945 Schygulla and her mother arrived as refugees in Munich following the expulsion of the majority German population of Königshütte by Communist Poland. Much later, in the 1960s, Schygulla studied Romance languages and German studies, while taking acting lessons in Munich during her spare time. Acting eventually became her focus, and she became particularly known for her film work with Rainer Werner Fassbinder. During the making of ''Effi Briest'' (1974), an adaptation of a German novel by Theodor Fontane, Fassbinder and Schygulla fell out over divergent interpretations of the character.〔Rosalind Hodgkiss ("The bitter tears of Fassbinder's women" ), ''The Guardian'', 8 January 1999; retrieved 22 February 2008.〕 Another issue for Schygulla was low pay, and she led a revolt against Fassbinder during the making of ''Effi Briest'', shot in September 1972 some time before its commercial release. His response was typically blunt: "I can't stand the sight of your face any more. You bust my balls".〔Derek Malcolm ("Rainer Werner Fassbinder: The Marriage of Maria Braun", ) ''The Guardian'', 28 January 1999; retrieved 2 March 2009.〕 They did not work together again for several years until ''The Marriage of Maria Braun'' in 1978. The film was entered into the 29th Berlin International Film Festival, where she won the Silver Bear for Best Actress for her performance.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Berlinale 1978: Prize Winners )〕 In 1980 she acted in Fassbinder's miniseries adaptation of ''Berlin Alexanderplatz''. In 1981 Schygulla starred alongside Bruno Ganz in Volker Schlöndorff's ''Circle of Deceit'', and the following year with Isabelle Huppert in Jean-Luc Godard's ''Passion''. She was a member of the jury at the 15th Moscow International Film Festival in 1987.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=15th Moscow International Film Festival (1987) )〕 In the 1990s she became a well-known chanson singer. In Juliane Lorenz's documentary film ''Life, Love and Celluloid'' (1998), on Fassbinder and related topics, Schygulla performs several songs. Schygulla appeared in the 2000 Béla Tarr film ''Werckmeister Harmonies'', and in 2002 in ''VB51'', a performance by the artist Vanessa Beecroft. Five years later, she appeared in the film ''The Edge of Heaven'', directed by Fatih Akın, to wide acclaim. In 2007 she received the Honorary Award from the Antalya Golden Orange Film Festival and in 2010 she received the Honorary Golden Bear from the Berlin Film Festival. In 2011 she acted in the Alexander Sokurov film ''Faust''. Schygulla lived in Paris from 1981 to 2014, when she left for Berlin. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hanna Schygulla」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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